What Is a Stroke?

A stroke occurs when blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted, either by a clot (ischemic) or by bleeding (hemorrhagic). Every minute without treatment, approximately 1.9 million neurons die. That's why rapid recognition is critical.

The FAST Method

The FAST method is a simple way to remember the key signs:

F - Face

Ask the person to smile. Does one side of the face droop? Does it look crooked or numb?

A - Arms

Ask them to raise both arms. Does one arm drift downward? Is there weakness or numbness on one side?

S - Speech

Ask them to repeat a simple sentence. Is their speech strange, slurred, or incomprehensible?

T - Time

If you notice any of the above signs, call 112 immediately. Time is critical.

Additional Symptoms

Beyond the basic FAST signs, watch for:

Sudden severe headache with no known cause
Sudden confusion or difficulty understanding
Vision problems in one or both eyes
Difficulty walking, dizziness, loss of balance

What to Do

Call 112 immediately. Don't wait for symptoms to pass.
Note the time when symptoms started (this helps doctors).
Don't give food or water to the victim.
If they lose consciousness, place them in the recovery position.
If they stop breathing, begin CPR.

Why Time Matters

Treatment is most effective when started within the first 3-4.5 hours of symptom onset. Every minute of delay increases the risk of permanent damage. Rapid recognition can literally save lives.

Emergency Recognition Training

Pulse Guard programs include recognition of stroke, cardiac arrest, and other medical emergencies. Proper training enables you to react quickly and correctly.

Stroke (FAST): Symptoms & Signs | PulseGuard